What is a statement that can be tested for being true or false based on observations?

A research hypothesis is a clear and specific statement that predicts a relationship or outcome that can be tested through observation and experimentation. It is formulated based on existing knowledge or theory and serves as the basis for research, allowing researchers to explore and validate their assumptions about variables. By establishing a hypothesis, researchers create a framework to gather data, analyze results, and contribute to the understanding of a particular phenomenon.

In contrast, a research thesis presents an overarching argument or claim that is supported by the findings of the research. A research aim defines the goals or objectives of a study, and a research conclusion summarizes the outcomes of the study, reflecting on the evidence collected. While theses, aims, and conclusions are integral to the research process, they do not inherently represent testable statements based on observations in the same way that a hypothesis does.