What kind of parent has the same rights and obligations as birth parents?

The correct answer is adoptive parent. Adoptive parents have the same legal rights and obligations as biological parents once the adoption process is finalized. This includes responsibilities such as providing for the child's welfare, making decisions regarding education and health care, and fulfilling emotional and financial obligations towards the child.

Adoption creates a permanent legal relationship that is equivalent to that of a biological family. Adoptive parents are recognized by law as the legal parents of their adopted children, establishing a family bond that carries the same implications for parental rights and duties as those that exist for biological parents.

Foster parents, although they provide temporary care and have some responsibilities for the child, do not have the same legal rights as biological parents. Their role is often transitional, and their responsibilities may be subject to the overarching authority of child welfare services. Biological parents naturally possess rights and obligations simply based on their parental status. Legal guardianship grants certain rights and responsibilities but does not equate to the full parental rights that come with adoption.